NTS STUDY

Surveying Top 100 One-Linear/interview Questions & Answers:

1. Surveying ka main principle kya hai? – Working from whole to part.

2. Whole to part principle kyu use hota hai? – To prevent accumulation of errors.

3. Plane surveying kab ki jati hai? – Jab area $195.5 \text{ km}^2$ se kam ho.

4. Geodetic surveying mein kya consider kiya jata hai? – Curvature of the Earth.

5. Fundamental units of measurement kya hain? – Length, Angle, Time, aur Mass.

6. Representative Fraction (RF) kya hai? – Map distance aur Ground distance ka ratio.

7. Great circle kise kehte hain? – Earth ke surface par banne wala sabse bada circle.

8. Plumb line ki direction kya hoti hai? – Normal to the gravity (perpendicular to level surface).

9. Engineering chain ki length kitni hoti hai? – 100 feet (100 links).

10. Gunter’s chain ki length kitni hoti hai? – 66 feet (66 links).

11. Revenue chain mein kitne links hote hain? – 16 links (33 feet length).

12. Metric chain ki standard lengths kya hain? – 20m aur 30m.

13. Invar tape kis alloy se banti hai? – Nickel (36%) aur Steel (64%).

14. Invar tape kyu best mani jati hai? – Kyunki iska thermal expansion coefficient bahut kam hota hai.

15. Chain surveying kiske liye suitable hai? – Chote area aur fairly level ground ke liye.

16. Base line surveying mein sabse important line konsi hai? – Sabse lambi aur central line (Base line).

17. Check lines ka kya kaam hai? – Accuracy check karna.

18. Tie lines kyu di jati hain? – Subsidiary details locate karne ke liye.

19. Chain surveying mein offset kya hai? – Main survey line se lateral distance.

20. Cumulative errors kaise hote hain? – Jo ek hi direction mein badhte rehte hain (Positive ya Negative).

21. Compensating errors kya hain? – Jo dono directions mein hote hain aur aapas mein cancel ho jate hain.

22. Sag correction hamesha kaisa hota hai? – Hamesha Negative.

23. Slope correction ka formula kya hai? – $h^2 / 2L$.

24. Prismatic compass mein zero degree kahan hota hai? – South end par.

25. Surveyor’s compass mein zero degree kahan hota hai? – North aur South dono ends par.

26. Prismatic compass mein graduation kaise hote hain? – Inverted (ulta) aur $0^\circ$ to $360^\circ$.

27. WCB ki full form kya hai? – Whole Circle Bearing.

28. QB ki full form kya hai? – Quadrantal Bearing (Reduced Bearing).

29. Magnetic Declination kya hai? – True North aur Magnetic North ke beech ka horizontal angle.

30. Isogonic lines kya hain? – Same declination waale points ko jodne waali lines.

31. Agonic lines kya hain? – Zero declination waale points ko jodne waali lines.

32. Dip of the needle equator par kitna hota hai? – Zero ($0^\circ$).

33. Dip of the needle poles par kitna hota hai? – $90^\circ$.

34. Local attraction kya hai? – Magnetic objects ki wajah se needle ka bhatakna.

35. Agar FB aur BB ka difference $180^\circ$ ho, toh? – Stations local attraction se free hain.

36. True bearing hamesha kaisi rehti hai? – Constant (Samay ke saath nahi badalti).

37. Dumpy level ka use kya hai? – Do points ke beech ka elevation difference nikalna.

38. Bench Mark (BM) kya hai? – Wo point jiska RL pehle se pata ho.

39. Back Sight (BS) kise kehte hain? – Instrument set karne ke baad li gayi pehli staff reading.

40. Fore Sight (FS) kise kehte hain? – Instrument shift karne se pehle li gayi aakhri reading.

41. Line of Collimation kya hai? – Cross-hairs aur optical center se guzarne waali imaginary line.

42. Rise and Fall method mein kitne checks hote hain? – Teen ($\sum BS - \sum FS = \sum Rise - \sum Fall = Last RL - First RL$).

43. Height of Instrument method fast kyu hai? – Kyunki isme calculations kam hote hain.

44. Curvature correction hamesha kaisa hota hai? – Negative.

45. Refraction correction kaisa hota hai? – Positive.

46. Combined correction ka formula kya hai? – $0.0673 D^2$ (Negative).

47. Reciprocal levelling kab use hoti hai? – Jab do points ke beech nadi ya khayi ho.

48. Reciprocal levelling se kya eliminate hota hai? – Curvature, Refraction, aur Collimation error.

49. Sensitive bubble tube ka radius kaisa hona chahiye? – Bada (Large).

50. Contour line kya hai? – Same elevation waale points ko jodne waali line.

51. Contour interval kya hai? – Do consecutive contours ke beech ka vertical distance.

52. Horizontal equivalent kya hai? – Do contours ke beech ka horizontal distance.

53. Steep slope par contours kaise hote hain? – Closely spaced (paas-paas).

54. Gentle slope par contours kaise hote hain? – Widely spaced (door-door).

55. Overhanging cliff mein contours kya karte hain? – Ek dusre ko cross karte hain.

56. Vertical cliff mein contours ka kya hota hai? – Wo ek single line mein mil jate hain.

57. Closed contours with higher values inside kya darshate hain? – Hill (pahadi).

58. Closed contours with lower values inside kya darshate hain? – Depression ya Pond.

59. Theodolite ka use kya hai? – Horizontal aur Vertical angles measure karna.

60. Transit theodolite kise kehte hain? – Jiska telescope $180^\circ$ ghum sake (vertical plane mein).

61. Changing face ka kya matlab hai? – Face left se face right karna.

62. Swing of telescope kya hai? – Telescope ko horizontal plane mein ghumana.

63. Fundamental lines of theodolite kya hain? – Vertical axis, Horizontal axis, Line of Collimation, etc.

64. Temporary adjustments of theodolite kya hain? – Centering, Levelling, Focussing.

65. Permanent adjustments kyu kiye jate hain? – Fundamental lines ke relation ko sahi karne ke liye.

66. Least count of transit theodolite kitna hota hai? – 20 seconds ($20"$).

67. Least count of Prismatic compass? – 30 minutes ($30'$).

68. Traversing kya hai? – Connected survey lines ki ek series.

69. Closing error kaise calculate hota hai? – $e = \sqrt{(\sum L)^2 + (\sum D)^2}$.

70. Bowditch’s rule kab use hota hai? – Jab linear aur angular measurements dono barabar accurate hon.

71. Transit rule kab use hota hai? – Jab angular measurements zyada accurate hon linear se.

72. Latitude ($L$) ka formula kya hai? – $l \cos \theta$.

73. Departure ($D$) ka formula kya hai? – $l \sin \theta$.

74. Tacheometry surveying kahan ki jati hai? – Rough terrain (pahadi ilako) mein.

75. Tacheometer kya hai? – Ek theodolite jisme stadia diaphragm laga ho.

76. Multiplying constant ($k$) ki value kya hoti hai? – $f/i$ (usually 100).

77. Additive constant ($c$) ki value kya hoti hai? – $f+d$.

78. Anallatic lens lagane se $c$ ki value kya ho jati hai? – Zero ($0$).

79. Stadia hair ka function kya hai? – Distance measure karne ke liye staff intercept lena.

80. Plane table surveying ka main advantage? – Plotting aur field work saath-saath hota hai.

81. Orientation kya hai? – Table ko har station par parallel rakhna.

82. Resection method kab use hota hai? – New station point locate karne ke liye.

83. Three-point problem kya hai? – Resection ka ek method.

84. Lehman’s rule kisme use hota hai? – Trial and Error method (Three-point problem).

85. Greatest drawback of plane table surveying? – Barish mein kaam nahi ho sakta.

86. Amsler polar planimeter ka use kya hai? – Area measure karna.

87. Simpson’s rule ko aur kya kehte hain? – Parabolic rule.

88. Simpson’s rule kab apply hota hai? – Jab number of offsets Odd hon.

89. Trapezoidal rule ki accuracy Simpson se kam kyu hai? – Kyunki ye boundary ko straight line manta hai.

90. Prismoidal formula kiske liye use hota hai? – Volume nikalne ke liye.

91. Circular curve ki degree ($D$) aur radius ($R$) ka relation? – $R = 1720 / D$.

92. Tangent length of a simple curve? – $R \tan(\Delta/2)$.

93. Length of long chord? – $2R \sin(\Delta/2)$.

94. Transition curve kyu diya jata hai? – Straight path se circular path mein gradual change ke liye.

95. Ideal transition curve konsa hai? – Clothoid spiral.

96. Total Station kya measure kar sakta hai? – Distance, Angles, aur Coordinates (sab kuch).

97. GPS ki full form? – Global Positioning System.

98. GPS mein kitne minimum satellites chahiye? – 4 satellites.

99. Photogrammetry kya hai? – Photographs se map taiyaar karna.

100. Sounding surveying kahan ki jati hai? – Pani ke niche (Hydrographic survey).